@article { author = {Hassanpour, Behrooz and Keshavarz, Kavoos and Chakeralhosseini, Mohammad Reza}, title = {Economic Study of Bio-Fertilizer Effectiveness on Yield and Profitability in Corn Fields}, journal = {Agricultural Economics}, volume = {15}, number = {4}, pages = {23-44}, year = {2021}, publisher = {انجمن اقتصاد کشاورزی ایران}, issn = {2008-5524}, eissn = {2645-3274}, doi = {10.22034/iaes.2021.539198.1873}, abstract = {Extended Abstract Introduction Improper use of chemical fertilizers in recent decades has endangered the health of humans and other living organisms while creating adverse consequences for environmental pollution and upsetting the balance of nutrients in the soil. To this end, the promotion of the use of bio-fertilizers (EM) by the Ministry of Agriculture Jihad is on the agenda, but unfortunately it has not been well received. Obviously, the use of new inputs is important in the decision-making of farmers, the effects of income and economic benefit. This study, which was funded by the Agricultural Jihad Organization of Kohgiluyeh-va-Boyerahmad Provinces, seeks to answer the question of whether the use of biofertilizers, given their high cost, can increase profitability. Materials and methods The implementation of this research in the cropping year of 2018-19 in the form of a research-extension project in a corn farm with an area of one hectare in the suburbs of Basht city was carried out under farmer conditions. For this purpose, a field experiment in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with six fertilizer treatments and three replications in farmer conditions and the costs, gross margin and economic benefits of each treatment were compared. The accounting profit formula was used to calculate the profits of the mentioned farms. Since the calculation of initial investments and fixed costs for all six farms is fixed, in this study, the method of calculating the gross margin (GM), which is actually an estimate of farm profits, was used. The the gross margin is calculated from the difference between sales revenue and total current expenses for the same cropping year. Results and Discussion The results of analysis of variance of field experiment showed that fertilizer treatments had a significant effect on revenue and farm profit (gross margin) at the level of probability (P = 0.01). Based on the comparison of the average revenue and farm profit using Duncan's test, it was found that the lowest farm profit and revenue related to chemical fertilizer treatment only (or control treatment) (C) and the highest revenue related to integrated treatment of biofertilizer, chemical fertilizer and organic (BOC). Comparison of the averages of the effect of fertilizer treatments on gross income as well as farm profit was determined using Duncan's test at a probability level of 5%. The lowest farm profit, in the amount of 101.9 thousand tomans per hectare related to the chemical fertilizer treatment only (or control treatment) (C) and the highest farm profit, related to the chemical fertilizer treatment+bio fertilizer+organic fertilizer (BOC) in the amount of 382.8 thousand tomans. Other treatments with averages of 122.1, 200.9, 254.4 and 357.6 thousand tomans related to organic fertilizer (O), biofertilizer+chemical fertilizer (BC), biofertilizer (B) and biofertilizer+organic fertilizer (BO) treatments, respectively. Suggestion The results showed that the best and healthiest fertilizer treatment is the combined use of bio-fertilizer and enriched granular organic fertilizer, which generates a net profit of 71.5 million rials and a yield of 12.5 tons per hectare, which compared to other treatments, ie consumption. Chemical fertilizer (NPK), bio-fertilizer (EM), granular organic fertilizer and combined use of fertilizers showed a significant difference in the 5% probability level. Therefore, the combined use of bio-fertilizers and enriched granular organic fertilizers economically and environmentally can be a good alternative for the use of chemical fertilizers only in corn fields}, keywords = {Bio-fertilizer,corn,Gross margin,Profitability}, title_fa = {بررسی اقتصادی اثربخشی کود زیستی بر عملکرد و سودآوری در ذرت‌کاری‌ها}, abstract_fa = {کاربرد بی‌رویه کودهای شیمیایی در چند دهه اخیر ضمن ایجاد پیامدهای نامطلوب در آلودگی محیط زیست و بر هم خوردن تعادل عنصرهای غذایی موجود در خاک، سلامت انسان‌ها و دیگر موجودهای زنده را به خطر انداخته است. برای این منظور ترویج کاربرد کودهای زیستی (EM) تجاری در دسترس از سوی وزارت جهاد کشاورزی در دستور کار قرار دارد، اما پذیرش چندانی نشده است. بدیهی است در تصمیم گیری کشاورزان، اثرگذاری‌های درآمدی و سودمندی اقتصادی کاربرد نهاده‌های جدید دارای اهمیت می‌باشد. این پژوهش که با حمایت مالی سازمان جهاد کشاورزی استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد انجام شد به دنبال پاسخ به این پرسش است که آیا به کارگیری کودهای زیستی، با توجه به گرانی آنها می‌تواند موجب افزایش سودآوری شود؟ برای این منظور، آزمایش کشتزاری در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با شش تیمار کودی و سه تکرار در شرایط کشاورز انجام شد و هزینه‌ها، بازده برنامه‌ای و سود اقتصادی همه تیمارها مقایسه شد. نتایج نشان داد که بهترین و سالم‌ترین تیمار کودی، به‌کارگیری تلفیقی کود زیستی و کود آلی دانه‌ای غنی شده است که سود خالصی به مبلغ 5/71 میلیون ریال و عملکرد 5/12 تن در هکتار را عاید کشاورز می‌کند که نسبت به تیمارهای دیگر کودی مانند کاربرد کود شیمیایی (NPK)، کود زیستی (EM)، کود آلی دانه‌ای و استفاده تلفیقی از کودها، تفاوت معنی‌داری در سطح احتمال 5 درصد نشان داد. لذا به‌کارگیری تلفیقی کود زیستی و کود آلی دانه‌ای غنی شده از لحاظ اقتصادی و زیست-محیطی، می‌تواند جایگزین مناسبی برای کاربرد کودهای شیمیایی صرف در ذرت کاری‌ها باشد.}, keywords_fa = {بازده برنامه‌ای,ذرت,سودآوری,کود زیستی}, url = {https://www.iranianjae.ir/article_249045.html}, eprint = {https://www.iranianjae.ir/article_249045_35772f968d5087d4207e1be8afd41c9c.pdf} }