Agricultural Economics

Agricultural Economics

ارزیابی ارایه یک مدل پیشنهادی چند هدفه با رویکرد همبست آب- انرژی- غذا برای بهبود در بهره وری آب و انرژی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان
2 استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران
3 استادیار، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، سیستان و بلوچستان ، ایران.
4 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی-دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان
چکیده
با توجه به شرایط خشکسالی و نیز رشد روز­افزون جمعیت و افزایش تقاضا برای غذا، امروزه بیش از پیش نیاز به بهبود در بهره­وری آب و انرژی می­باشد، در سال‌های اخیر، منطقه­های کم‌آب  برای دستیابی به توسعه اقتصادی پایدار با چالش‌های زیادی روبرو شده‌اند. توسعه اقتصادی پایدار در بخش کشاورزی با توجه به مفهوم همبست آب-انرژی-غذا (WEFN) امکان پذیر است. با استفاده از همبست آب-انرژی-غذا معیارهای مصرف، بهره وری فیزیکی و بهره وری اقتصادی منابع آب و انرژی تعیین می­شود. این پژوهش در محدوده مورد مطالعه دشت سیستان برای سال زراعی 1397-98 انجام گرفته است .با توجه به اینکه در زمینه بهره­وری آب و انرژی با استفاده از رویکرد همبست WEFN با در نظر گرفتن هدف­ها و محدودیت های متفاوت، تاکنون بررسی و ارزیابی لازم در این حوضه انجام نشده است. بنابراین پژوهش حاضر با استفاده از یک مدل برنامه­ریزی چند هدفه به تعیین میزان بهره­وری اقتصادی و فیزیکی مصرف آب و انرژی در این حوضه پرداخته است. کد نویسی و حل مدل با استفاده از نرم افزار GAMS انجام شده است. بنا بر نتایج مدل اجرای همبست آب-انرژی-غذا منجر به بهبود بهره­وری در میزان مصرف آب آبیاری در حوضه مورد مطالعه به مقدار 37/11 درصد شده است. با توجه به نتایج مدل، میزان بهره­وری اقتصادی برای مصرف انرژی نهاده­ها، محصول­های راهبردی برای تامین امنیت غذایی و انتشار گازهای گلخانه­ای CO2 به ترتیب 3/10،41/14 و 02/16 درصد به دست آمد. همچنین نتایج مدل پیشنهادی نشان داد که میزان بهره­وری فیزیکی مصرف آب در دشت سیستان از مقدار 5/188899 کیلوگرم بر متر مکعب به مقدار 5/211487 کیلوگرم بر متر مکعب افزایش پیدا کرده است. بنابراین اجرای رویکرد همبست WEFN در منطقه مورد مطالعه منجر به بهبود بهره­وری اقتصادی و فیزیکی مصرف آب و انرژی شده است.
کلیدواژه‌ها

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