Agricultural Economics

Agricultural Economics

برآورد توان بالقوه نظری انرژی زیست‌توده سلولزی در ایران و تأثیر استفاده از آن بر رفاه اجتماعی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 استاد اقتصاد منابع طبیعی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری
2 گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، ساری، ایران
3 گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه گنت بلژیک و دانشگاه هامبورگ آلمان
چکیده
تولید انرژی از پسماندهای کشاورزی یک حوزه مهم تحقیقاتی با توان بالقوه قابل توجهی برای تولید انرژی پایدار است. در ایران، استفاده از پسماندهای کشاورزی برای تولید انرژی، به دلیل ویژگی‌های جغرافیایی مطلوب، توان بالقوه رویارویی با ناامنی انرژی، کاهش انتشار گازهای گلخانه‌ای و ایجاد فرصت‌های اقتصادی برای جامعه‏های روستایی را دارد؛ بنابراین، هدف این تحقیق برآورد توان بالقوه نظری انرژی زیست‌توده سلولزی در ایران و تأثیر استفاده از آن بر رفاه اجتماعی، با تمرکز ویژه بر استفاده از یک مدل تعادل جزئی با بیشینه کردن مجموع مازاد مصرف‌کنندگان و تولیدکنندگان، مشروط به محدودیت‌های در دسترس بودن منابع برای تحلیل پیامدهای اقتصادی است. نتایج این تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که ایران به طور بالقوه می‌تواند حدود 8/45778 هزارتن پسماندهای گیاهی در سال تولید کند. همچنین نتایج این تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که کل توان بالقوه انرژی زیست‌توده از پسماندهای موجود در ایران می‌تواند معادل 2/197908 مگاژول باشد. انتظار می‌رود کاه گندم و کاه برنج حدود 65 درصد از توان بالقوه انرژی زیست‌توده را تشکیل دهند. همچنین مدل تعادل جزئی شبیه‌سازی شده نشان داد که افزایش قیمت کاه گندم و برنج به ترتیب تا 50 درصد و 75 درصد منجر به بیشترین رفاه اجتماعی در ایران می‌شود؛ بنابراین با توجه به نتایج، قیمت‌گذاری مناسب زیست‏توده و ایجاد انگیزه برای گردآوری پسماند محصول‏های کشاورزی و افزایش آگاهی خانوارها در مورد برتری‏های اقتصادی زیست‌توده می‌تواند به‌عنوان سیاست‌های افزایش رفاه اجتماعی انتخاب و دنبال شود. همچنین برای بهره‌برداری کامل از توان بالقوه انرژی زیست‏توده در ایران انتظار می‌رود که در فناوری‌های استحصال انرژی زیست‌توده سرمایه‌گذاری شود.[1]



 
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