تأثیرنگرش به ریسک بر بهره وری کل عامل های تولید در زیر بخش زراعت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد اقتصاد کشاورزی، گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 دانشجوی دکتری گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

3 دانشیار اقتصاد کشاورزی، گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

4 دانشیار آبیاری و زهکشی، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

در جهان کنونی مهم ترین عامل تعیین کننده رشد اقتصادی، ارتقای بهره وری عامل های تولید می باشد. از آنجایی که کشاورزی فعالیتی توأم با ریسک بوده و رفتار کشاورزان تحت تاثیر گرایش های ریسکی شان قرار می گیرد، لذا اتخاذ سیاست های افزایش بهره وری نیازمند دانش کافی از چگونگی تصمیم گیری افراد می باشد. از این رو هدف این بررسی ارزیابی تأثیر ریسک گریزی بر بهره وری کل عامل های تولید در زیربخش زراعت می باشد. برای این منظور اطلاعات لازم از 210 کشاورز شهرستان سراب به روش نمونه گیری طبقه ای جمع آوری شد. ضریب ریسک گریزی با به کارگیری مدل برنامه ریزی درجه دوم توام با ریسک (QRP) و بهره وری کل عامل های تولید (TFP) با استفاده از شاخص فیر پریمونت محاسبه شد. برابر نتایج به دست آمده میانگین  ضریب ریسک گریزی نسبی و حق بیمه گریز از ریسک به ترتیب 9/2 و 1735000 ریال به دست آمد که بیانگر ریسک گریز بودن بیشتر کشاورزان منطقه می باشد. نتایج مربوط به شاخص TFP نشان داد که طی دوره زمانی 97-1392، محصول سیب زمینی دارای بیشترین و جو دیم دارای کمترین میزان TFP در بین محصول های زراعی مورد بررسی بوده است. بنابر یافته های این بررسی، ریسک گریزی اثر منفی بر بهره وری کل عامل های تولید داشته، بنابراین کاهش شدت ریسک و بهبود مهارت های مدیریت ریسک، بهره وری کل عامل های تولید را افزایش می دهند. همچنین بنابر نتایج بدست آمده افزایش تحصیلات، تجربه، اندازه کشتزار، بعد خانوار، شرکت در کلاس های ترویجی، مالکیت و دریافت تسهیلات بانکی موثرترین روش های بهبود بهره وری کل عامل های تولید محصول های زراعی می باشند.

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