ارزیابی عوامل مؤثر بر پذیرش راهکارهای کشاورزی هوشمند به اقلیم با تأکید بر ویژگی‌های سرمایه اجتماعی و روانشناختی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،دانشکده کشاورزی، مرودشت،ایران

2 دانشیار اقتصاد کشاورزی ،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،دانشکده کشاورزی، مرودشت،ایران

3 استادیار گروه اقتصاد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد شیراز ،ایران

چکیده

در سال­های اخیر، تغییر اقلیم منجر به کاهش تولید و نیز درآمد محصول های کشاورزی شده است. کشاورزان در ایران نیز در برابر رویدادهای اقلیمی مانند خشکسالی و کاهش منبع های آب بسیار آسیب‌پذیر هستند. به رغم افزایش آسیب‌پذیری و تنگدست شدن کشاورزان در نتیجه گسترش تغییر پذیری های اقلیمی، استراتژی‌های هوشمند به اقلیم ​​به اندازه کافی توسط کشاورزان ایرانی عملیاتی نشده است. در این راستا، در این پژوهش عامل‌های مؤثر بر اتخاذ راهبردهای هوشمند به اقلیم در استان فارس ارزیابی شد. داده‌ها از طریق پرسشنامه از 443 کشاورز طی سال‌های 1399و 1398 در منطقه رامجرد در استان فارس گرد‌آوری شد. بر این مبنا، راهبرد‌های اتخاذ شده هوشمند به اقلیم در سه گروه راهبرد‌های مدیریت مواد مغذی و آب، راهبرد‌های حفظ و تقویت باروری خاک و ترکیب این دو راهبرد تقسیم­بندی و مدل لاجیت چندگزینه­ای برای بررسی عامل های موثر بر پذیرش این راهبرد­ها برآورد شد. نتایج نشان داد که ویژگی­های روان شناختی مانند اعتقاد به وجود تغییرپذیری‌های اقلیمی و درک خطرات آن بر مشارکت کشاورزان در راهبرد‌های هوشمند به اقلیم تأثیر مثبت و معنی­دار دارند. در رابطه با متغیرهای سرمایه اجتماعی، متغیر اعتماد به مردم تأثیر منفی و معناداری بر مشارکت کشاورزان در راهبرد­های سازگاری دارد. همچنین، متغیر مشارکت اعضای خانواده در فعالیت­های اجتماعی تأثیر مثبت و معناداری بر احتمال اتخاذ هر سه نوع راهبرد‌های هوشمند به اقلیم ​​داشت. از سویی، کشاورزان جوانتر با دسترسی بیشتر به اعتبارات و مشارکت بالاتر در گروه‌های اجتماعی و همچنین آگاهی بیشتر و درک بالاتر خطر نسبت به تغییر پذیری های اقلیمی گرایش بیشتری به اتخاذ راهبرد‌های هوشمند به اقلیم ​​دارند. کشتزارهای بزرگ­تر و درآمد بیشتر کشتزارها تضمین کننده مشارکت کشاورزان در اتخاذ راهبردهای کشاورزی هوشمند به اقلیم در منطقه است.

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