سنجش توان بالقوه پایداری گردشگری کشاورزی در شهرستان های منتخب استان کرمان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه جهانگردی و هتلداری، دانشکده گردشگری، مجتمع آموزش عالی بم، بم ایران

2 دانشیار اقتصاد منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران

3 استاد اقتصاد بین الملل دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران

4 استاد اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان

چکیده

امروزه بسیاری از کشورها برای داشتن رشد باثبات و پایدار، صنعت گردشگری را در اولویت قرار داده­اند. در میان شکل­های مختلف گردشگری، گردشگری کشاورزی می­تواند به عنوان فعالیتی مکمل کشاورزی، یکی از روش­های کاهش خطر­پذیری کشاورزان باشد زیرا کشاورزی تحت تاثیر عامل­های غیر قابل مدیریت و مهار زیادی قرار دارد. اما برای جلوگیری از اثر­­گذاری­های منفی توسعه گردشگری کشاورزی، باید تعاملی قوی بین ابعاد مختلف گردشگری کشاورزی برقرار کرد. هدف این بررسی پتانسیل­سنجی پایداری گردشگری کشاورزی از طریق شاخص­های پایداری در سه بعد اقتصادی، اجتماعی و زیست­محیطی می­باشد. برای دستیابی به این هدف، داده­ها و اطلاعات مورد نیاز با استفاده از روش اسنادی و پرسشنامه­ای و نظرسنجی از خبرگان حوزه گردشگری و کشاورزی به روش دلفی، در شش شهرستان برتر گردشگری- کشاورزی استان کرمان در سال 1396 گرد­آوری شده­اند. سپس با استفاده از مدل برنامه­ریزی ریاضی و با کمک نرم افزارهای Spss، Excel و Gams سطح پایداری گردشگری کشاورزی به صورت عملی در شهرستان­های منتخب تعیین شده است. نتایج بررسی گویای آن است که با توجه به امکانات موجود و عدم وجود زیرساخت­های مناسب، بعد زیست­محیطی گردشگری کشاورزی سطح پایداری قابل قبولی نداشته و نسبت به دیگر ابعاد گردشگری کشاورزی وضعیت نامناسب­تری دارد به طوری­که سطح پایداری این بعد در شهرستان­های کرمان، بم، جیرفت، رفسنجان، سیرجان و زرند به ترتیب، 191/0، 269/0، 182/0، 112/0، 132/0 و 109/0 به دست آمده است. بنابراین لازم است برای توسعه گردشگری کشاورزی، بیش از پیش به اصول پایداری و حفاظت محیط زیست توجه شود تا ضمن دستیابی به سودمندی­های گردشگری کشاورزی از آسیب و زیان­رسانی­های زیست­محیطی آن در راستای توسعه پایدار جلوگیری شود.

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