Agricultural Economics

Agricultural Economics

تدوین سبد غذایی بهینه خانوار با تأکید بر محدودیت منابع آبی کشور

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 استادیار اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان
2 گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران
3 گروه مهندسی منابع آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران
10.22034/iaes.2024.2018007.2040
چکیده
سبک زندگی، الگوی مصرف، درآمد خانوار، قیمت مواد غذایی، دانش تغذیه، و ترجیحات و سلیقه مصرف‌کننده از مهمترین عوامل موثر بر سبد مصرفی خانوار هستند. در برخی موارد علی‌رغم دسترسی فیزیکی و اقتصادی به مواد غذایی، افراد با سوءتغذیه مواجه هستند. از سوی دیگر، کشور در تولید محصولات کشاورزی با محدودیت‌ منابع پایه نظیر منابع آب و محدودیت های محیط زیستی مواجه است. لذا، تدوین یک سبد بهینه غذایی که از لحاظ اقتصادی، کم‌هزینه و قابل دستیابی و تامین‌کننده مواد مغذی مورد نیاز بدن و از سوی دیگر متناسب با وضعیت منابع آب کشور باشد، ضروری است. هدف از مطالعه حاضر، تدوین الگوی سبد بهینه غذایی برای خانوار ایرانی است که از یک سو هزینه کمتری نسبت به سبد مطلوب تدوین شده توسط وزارت بهداشت به خانوار تحمیل کند و از سوی دیگر میزان مصرف آب مجازی را به حداقل برساند. در این راستا، از مدل برنامه‌ریزی ریاضی چند هدفه استفاده شد. داده‌های مورد نیاز از طریق بانک مرکزی، مرکز آمار ایران، وزارت بهداشت، درمان و آموزش پزشکی، وزرات جهاد کشاورزی و سازمان بهداشت جهانی جمع‌آوری شد. نتایج نشان داد که سبد غذایی تدوین‌شده در مطالعه حاضر از نظر میزان مواد مغذی مورد نیاز خانوارها، هزینه دسترسی و محتوی آب مجازی، نسبت به سبد تدوین شده توسط وزارت بهداشت مناسب‌تر است. با توجه به نتایج این مطالعه پیشنهاد می‌شود جهت دسترسی اقتصادی دهک‌های درآمدیِ پایین به سبد مطلوب تدوین شده، سیاست‌های جبرانی درآمدی اعمال شود و برای دهک‌های درآمدیِ بالا دانش تغذیه و الگوی مصرف صحیح بین خانوارها ترویج یابد.
 
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


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